How to Setup EC2 Instance

What is Amazon EC2 Instance?

Amazon EC2 provides a wide selection of instance types optimized to fit different use cases. Instance types comprise varying combinations of CPU, memory, storage, and networking capacity and give you the flexibility to choose the appropriate mix of resources for your applications. Each instance type includes one or more instance sizes, allowing you to scale your resources to the requirements of your target workload.

The instance will be charged per hour with different rates based on the type of instance chosen. AWS provides multiple instance types for the respective business needs of the user.
Thus, you can rent an instance based on your own CPU and memory requirements and use it as long as you want. You can terminate the instance when it’s no more used and save on costs. This is the most striking advantage of an on-demand instance- you can drastically save on your CAPEX.

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Steps to Create Amazon EC2 Instance

1.    In EC2 go to the Instances

2.    And after that Click on Launch the Instance.

3.    Choose the Machine Image (AMI) you want.

4.    Choose the Instance Type you want.

5.    Configure the Instance Details

6.    Add Storage

7.    Add tags

8.    Configure Security Group

9.    Review and Launch, Here you can see the Detail of your Instance.

10.    If you are done with the Review, Now you can Simply launce the Instance

11.    Then your instance will start the launching

AWS Automation using Terraform

What is Terraform?

HashiCorp Terraform is an open-source infrastructure as code (IaC) software tool that allows DevOps engineers to programmatically provision the physical resources an application requires to run. Infrastructure as code is an IT practice that manages an application's underlying IT infrastructure through programming.

What is AWS Automation?

Automation, a capability of AWS Systems Manager, simplifies common maintenance and deployment tasks of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances and other AWS resources. ... Build automations to configure and manage instances and AWS resources.

Here is a full tutorial video (Concept + Demo) based on "How we can do AWS Automation using Terraform"👇👇

Resource: aws_launch_configuration

Provides a resource to create a new launch configuration, used for autoscaling groups.

Example Usage

data "aws_ami" "ubuntu" {
  most_recent = true

  filter {
    name   = "name"
    values = ["ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-trusty-14.04-amd64-server-*"]
  }

  filter {
    name   = "virtualization-type"
    values = ["hvm"]
  }

  owners = ["099720109477"] # Canonical
}

resource "aws_launch_configuration" "as_conf" {
  name          = "web_config"
  image_id      = data.aws_ami.ubuntu.id
  instance_type = "t2.micro"
}

Using with AutoScaling Groups

Launch Configurations cannot be updated after creation with the Amazon Web Service API. In order to update a Launch Configuration, Terraform will destroy the existing resource and create a replacement. In order to effectively use a Launch Configuration resource with an AutoScaling Group resource, it's recommended to specify create_before_destroy in a lifecycle block. Either omit the Launch Configuration name attribute, or specify a partial name with name_prefix. Example:

data "aws_ami" "ubuntu" {
  most_recent = true

  filter {
    name   = "name"
    values = ["ubuntu/images/hvm-ssd/ubuntu-trusty-14.04-amd64-server-*"]
  }

  filter {
    name   = "virtualization-type"
    values = ["hvm"]
  }

  owners = ["099720109477"] # Canonical
}

resource "aws_launch_configuration" "as_conf" {
  name_prefix   = "terraform-lc-example-"
  image_id      = data.aws_ami.ubuntu.id
  instance_type = "t2.micro"

  lifecycle {
    create_before_destroy = true
  }
}

resource "aws_autoscaling_group" "bar" {
  name                 = "terraform-asg-example"
  launch_configuration = aws_launch_configuration.as_conf.name
  min_size             = 1
  max_size             = 2

  lifecycle {
    create_before_destroy = true
  }
}

With this setup Terraform generates a unique name for your Launch Configuration and can then update the AutoScaling Group without conflict before destroying the previous Launch Configuration.

What is Amazon Aurora and How it's Work?

What is Amazon Aurora?

Amazon Aurora is a MySQL and PostgreSQL-compatible relational database built for the cloud, that combines the performance and availability of traditional enterprise databases with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of open source databases.

Amazon Aurora is up to five times faster than standard MySQL databases and three times faster than standard PostgreSQL databases. Amazon Aurora is fully managed by Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), which automates time-consuming administration tasks like hardware provisioning, database setup, patching, and backups.

Amazon Aurora features a distributed, fault-tolerant, self-healing storage system that auto-scales up to 128TB per database instance. It delivers high performance and availability with up to 15 low-latency read replicas, point-in-time recovery, continuous backup to Amazon S3, and replication across three Availability Zones (AZs).

Here is a full tutorial video (Overview + Demo) based on AWS Aurora👇👇

Features of Amazon Aurora

• Scalability
• High throughput
• Instance monitoring and repair
• Encryption
• Easy to use
• Cost-effective
• Migration support
• Fully Managed

Amazon Aurora DB Cluster

Amazon Aurora DB cluster is a virtual database storage volume that spans multiple availability zones. Each Amazon Aurora Database Cluster is made up of two or more DB instances and a cluster volume that primarily manages the data for those DB instances. The following are the two types of DB instances that make up an Amazon Aurora Cluster: 

• Primary DB instance: This type of DB instance supports read and write operations and performs all data modifications to the cluster volume. Each Aurora DB cluster has one primary DB instance. 
• Aurora Replica: Unlike the primary DB instance, Aurora Replica only supports read operations. It is connected to the same storage volume as the primary DB instance. By locating Aurora Replicas in separate availability zones, high availability can be maintained.

Amazon Aurora Pricing

Amazon Aurora is paying as you go. It is comprised of 3 parts:

1. Hosting. You can choose from 3 different types of hosting depending on your needs
2. Storage and Operations. Storage is billed per gigabyte per month, and I/O is billed per million-request
3. Data transferred

AWS Relational Database - How to Create RDS Instance

 What is Relational Database Service (RDS)

Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. 

It provides cost-efficient and resizable capacity while automating time-consuming administration tasks such as hardware provisioning, database setup, patching and backups. 

It frees you to focus on your applications so you can give them the fast performance, high availability, security, and compatibility they need.

Here is the full Hands-on video on this topic👇👇

Steps to create an RDS instance

Following are the steps to create an RDS Instance: 

1. Sign into AWS Management Console.  
2. Open the RDS console.  
3. In the upper-right corner, choose the region where you wish to create your instance.  
4. In the navigation pane, click on ‘Databases’.  
5. Click on ‘Create database’.  
6. Make sure ‘Standard create’ is chosen, then click on MySQL (or the database in which you wish to create an RDS database instance).  

7. In the ‘Templates’ tab, click on the ‘Dev/Test’ option.  
8. In the ‘Setting’ tab, set the following values:

• DB instance identifier
• Master username
• Auto Generate a password
• Master password
• Confirm password

9. In the ‘DB instance size’ option, give a value for the following variables:

• DB instance performance types
• DB instance class

10. In the ‘Storage’ and ‘Availability & durability’ section, leave the default values as is.
11. In the ‘Connectivity’ section, click on the ‘Additional connectivity configuration’ and set the below values in it:

• Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
• Subnet group
• Publicly accessible- No
• VPC security groups
• Availability zone- No preference
• Database port- 3306

   The same is displayed in the below screenshot:

12. Click on the ‘Additional configuration tab, and provide a name for the ‘Initial database name’ variable. The default settings for other options need to be kept the same.
13. Now click on ‘Create database’.
14. It takes a few minutes for the instance to get created. It can be seen in the ‘Databases’ list as ‘Creating’.
15. Once it is created, it shows as ‘Available’.
16. The ‘Endpoint’ and ‘Port’ of the database instance can be viewed in the ‘Connectivity & security’ section.

Note: Make sure that your database instance is secure, by verifying that sources outside of the VPC can’t connect to the RDS database instance.

What is the difference between Amazon RDS Read Replicas vs Multi AZ

What is Relational Database Service (RDS)

Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. 

It provides cost-efficient and resizable capacity while automating time-consuming administration tasks such as hardware provisioning, database setup, patching and backups. 

It frees you to focus on your applications so you can give them the fast performance, high availability, security, and compatibility they need.

Here is the full dedicated video on this topic👇👇

What is Amazon RDS Read Replicas?

The read replica operates as a DB instance that allows only read-only connections. Applications connect to a read replica the same way they do to any DB instance. Amazon RDS replicates all databases in the source DB instance. The Oracle DB engine supports replica databases in mounted mode.

What is Amazon RDS Multi AZ?

RDS Multi-AZ. Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployments provide enhanced availability for database instances within a single AWS Region. With Multi-AZ, your data is synchronously replicated to a standby instance in a different AZ.

What is AWS RDS (Relational Database Services)

What is AWS?

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the world’s most comprehensive and broadly adopted cloud platform, offering over 200 fully-featured services from data centers globally. Millions of customers—including the fastest-growing startups, largest enterprises, and leading government agencies—are using AWS to lower costs, become more agile, and innovate faster.

What is Amazon RDS?

Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) is a managed SQL database service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS). Amazon RDS supports an array of database engines to store and organize data. It also helps with relational database management tasks, such as data migration, backup, recovery, and patching.

Here is a fully dedicated video on AWS RDS (Relational Database Services)

Amazon RDS facilitates the deployment and maintenance of relational databases in the cloud. A cloud administrator uses Amazon RDS to set up, operate, manage and scale a relational instance of a cloud database. Amazon RDS is not itself a database; it is a service used to manage relational databases.

What are the benefits of AWS RDS?

The main benefit of Amazon RDS is that it helps organizations deal with the complexity of managing large relational databases. Other benefits include the following:

• Ease of use. Admins don't need to learn specific database management tools. They also can manage multiple database instances using the management console. RDS is compatible with database engines that users may already be familiar with, such as MySQL and Oracle And it automates manual backup and recovery processes.
• Cost-effectiveness. According to AWS, customers only pay for what they use. Also, the time spent maintaining instances is reduced, because maintenance tasks, such as backups and patching, are automated.
• The use of read replicas routes read-heavy traffic away from the main database instance, reducing the workload on that one instance.
• RDS splits up compute and storage so admins can scale them independently.

AWS Container Services

What is AWS?

AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a comprehensive, evolving cloud computing platform provided by Amazon that includes a mixture of infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, and packaged software as a service offering. AWS services can offer an organization tools such as compute power, database storage, and content delivery services.

Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS)

ECS is a highly scalable, high-performance container orchestration service that supports Docker containers and allows you to easily run and scale containerized applications on AWS. Amazon ECS eliminates the need for you to install and operate your own container orchestration software, manage and scale a cluster of virtual machines, or schedule containers on those virtual machines.

Here is a fully dedicated video on AWS Interview Question and Answers

Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service

EKS makes it easy to deploy, manage, and scale containerized applications using Kubernetes on AWS.
Amazon EKS runs the Kubernetes management infrastructure for you across multiple AWS availability zones to eliminate a single point of failure. Amazon EKS is certified Kubernetes conformant so you can use existing tooling and plugins from partners and the Kubernetes community. Applications running on any standard Kubernetes environment are fully compatible and can be easily migrated to Amazon EKS.

Amazon Elastic Container Registry

Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR) is a fully-managed Docker container registry that makes it easy for developers to store, manage, and deploy Docker container images. Amazon ECR is integrated with Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS), simplifying your development to production workflow. Amazon ECR eliminates the need to operate your own container repositories or worry about scaling the underlying infrastructure. Amazon ECR hosts your images in a highly available and scalable architecture, allowing you to reliably deploy containers for your applications. Integration with AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) provides resource-level control of each repository. With Amazon ECR, there are no upfront fees or commitments. You pay only for the amount of data you store in your repositories and data transferred to the Internet.

AWS Interview Questions and Answers Based upon AWS EC2 Instance

What is AWS?

AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a comprehensive, evolving cloud computing platform provided by Amazon that includes a mixture of infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, and packaged software as a service offering. AWS services can offer an organization tools such as compute power, database storage, and content delivery services.

What is AWS EC2?

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides secure, resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale cloud computing easier for developers. Amazon EC2’s simple web service interface allows you to obtain and configure capacity with minimal friction. It provides you with complete control of your computing resources and lets you run on Amazon’s proven computing environment.

Here is a fully dedicated video on AWS Interview Question and Answers

What are the features of AWS EC2 Instances?

• Amazon EC2 provides the ability to place instances in multiple locations. Amazon EC2 locations are composed of Regions and Availability Zones. Availability Zones are distinct locations that are engineered to be insulated from failures in other Availability Zones and provide inexpensive, low latency network connectivity to other Availability Zones in the same region. By launching instances in separate Availability Zones, you can protect your applications from the failure of a single location
• You only pay for what you use. It takes the cost of unused minutes and seconds in an hour off of the bill, so you can focus on improving your applications instead of maximizing usage to the hour.
• Different Amazon EC2 workloads can have vastly different storage requirements. Beyond the built-in instance storage, we also offer Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) and Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) to suit other cloud storage workload requirements. Amazon EBS provides persistent, highly available, consistent, low-latency block storage volumes for use with Amazon EC2 instances, while Amazon EFS provides simple, scalable, persistent, fully managed cloud file storage for shared access.
• Enhanced Networking enables you to get significantly higher packet per second (PPS) performance, lower network jitter, and lower latencies. This feature uses a network virtualization stack that provides higher I/O performance and lowers CPU utilization compared to traditional implementations.
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For more, you can refer to the given link below👇

Part-1 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zl2AkMGAnYc

Part-2 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dO8sw2DWdMQ

How to Enable AWS Security Hub?

What is a security Hub?

AWS Security Hub provides you with a comprehensive view of your security state in AWS and helps you check your environment against security industry standards and best practices.

Security Hub collects security data from across AWS accounts, services, and supported third-party partner products and helps you analyze your security trends and identify the highest priority security issues.

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Benefits of AWS Security Hub

• Reduced effort to collect and prioritize findings
• Automatic security checks against best practices and standards
• Consolidated view of findings across accounts and providers
• Ability to automate remediation of findings

Enable AWS Security Hub

• Once you have logged into your AWS account and enabled AWS Config, we need to enable Security Hub. Navigate to the AWS Security Hub console. Alternatively, you can just search for Security Hub and select the service.
• In the AWS Security Hub service console you can click on the Go to Security Hub orange button to navigate to AWS Security Hub in your account.
• Additional information is provided regarding Security standards and AWS Integrations. You can read more here. Now select Enable Security Hub.
• With AWS Security Hub now enabled in your account, you can explore the security insights AWS Security Hub offers.
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